Apparatus for roasting coffee



April 1, 1947. F. QTOQLE ET AL 2,418,275

APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE Filed Aug. 3, 1940 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 NE SQ @x m 1 m ap M mac m N f r 1 0 win W m W n A M m nMY April 1, R F, OTOQLE ET AL 2,418,275

APPARATUS FOR RQAS'IING COFFEE Filed Aug. 3, 1940 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 AL u IL rm: MD I l l r/I y) I emnder c. if In ATTORNEY April 1, 1947.

' R. F. OTOOLE ET AL APPARATUS FOR ROkSTING COFFEE Filed Aug. 3, 1940 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR Richard 1: 0' B f/erander 6. grim: o ATTORNEY Ap 1947- R. F. OTOOLE ET AL 2,418,275

APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE s Sheets-Shee't 4 Filed Aug. 3, 1940 April 1, 1947.

R. F. OTOOLE ET AL APPARATUS FOR ROASTING COFFEE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Aug. 3. 1940 INVEN RS Ric/72rd f 700/0 Par/m:

ATTORNEY April 1, 1947. R, F. "o'Too'LE ET 2,418,275

APPARATUS FOR ROASTINGCOFFEE Filed Aug. 3, 1940' 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 ATTORNEY Patented Apr. '1, 1941 UNITED STATES "arr-mares FOR I HPAATENTI oer-ice nonsrma corms Richard F. O'Toole, Scarsdale, and Alexander 0. t

= Parlini, Freeport; N.

Y., assignors of one-half to said O'Toole, and one-fourth to Nicholas J. Vcleris, and one-fourth to Spiro Linakls, both of New York, N. Y.

' Application August a, 1940, Serial s... 350.460

21 Claim.

This invention relates to the art of roasting inasmuch as during the heating period the coffee exudes some volatile aromatic oils, which should be prevented from escaping together with the moisture in the form of steam. Furthermore, it is extremely diflicult to control the heat so that v the coifee will be roasted exactly to the point desired. The color is not a sufliciently reliable indication of the degree of roasting, because diiferent coiiees may assume different colors for the same degree of roasting, and if color is used as a standard it,maywell be that the coffee may either be roasted too little or too much.

Exposure of the coflee to a given temperature for a given period of time also is not a reliable method of producing a given degree of roasting, because diiierent coflees' require different exposures to heat in order to reach the same degree of roasting; in fact, we have found that more than the time, the temperature to which the' coffee is subjected is the important factor in controlling the degree of roasting. the time being important only in that it should be of sufficient duration to insure an even roasting of the coifee beans all through.

We have found that in order to fully preserve the aroma of the cofl.'ee, it is desirable to subject the green beans to a conditioning period, preparatory to the roasting period proper, said conditioning period, during which the coffee is subjected for a certain time to a relatively low heat, giving a chance to the moisturecontained in the beans to evaporate without carrying off thevolatile oils. In addition, we have found that the treatment; of the coffee immediately after the roastin period is also-an important factonafiecta ing the quality of the product which is ultimately supplied to the grinder to be pulverized or ground,

The'primary object of our invention isto provlde a novel and improvedapparatus for roasting coflee; having means for automatically controllin the degree of roasting to a predetermined standard, principally by regulating the temperature reached in. the roastin ovenduring the roasting operation.

A further. object is to provide an automatic apparatus' for roasting coifee to any desired'degree, whereby the coflee beans will be subjected to the action of'heat for a given period of time, which 55 is the same in all cases, irrespectiveof the degree of roasting. to beproduced, while the degree of roasting will be determined by means regulating the temperature conditions in the roasting oven.

Another object is to provide a coffee roaster of a novel and improved design, having means K for subjecting the coffee beans to-a conditioning the roasting operation, ina manner insuring the reabsorptlon and retention by said beans, of the aromatic oils which are chiefly responsible for the aroma and flavor of the brew. I

A still further object of our invention is to provide an apparatus for roasting coffee which, once set for a predetermined result, will be en-' tirely automatic in causing the coffee to go through a succession of steps leading to the production of the roasted and cooled beans ready for the grinding operation, thegrinding device used for the latter operation preferably also being incorporated in the apparatu itself.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will more fully appear as the description proceeds. and will be set forth and claimed in the appended claims.

35 Our invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a front view in elevation of a cofiee roaster and grinder embodying our invention;

Fig. 2 is a side viewin elevation thereof, partly broken away and sectioned;

' Fig. 3 is a fragmentary side view in elevation thereof; a

Fig. 4 is a plan viewthereof; v Fig. 5 is a rear view in elevationof thesame, with parts broken away and sectioned; I Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical sectionthro h line 6-6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a view similar vtov m. s, showing the mechanism set for operation;

nismat the time when the coffee beans are being discharged into the roasting chamber;

Fig. 9.1a a view similar-to Fig. '7, showing in dotted lines parts-concealed by the cam element;

Fig.- 10 is a detail viewshowlng'in front eleva- Flg. 8 is a similar viewashowing the' mecha-' auaan tion the escapement mechanism controlling the return movement of the cam;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary vertical section through iine u-u of Fig. 2;

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary vertical section through line l2 |2 of Fig. 6; and

Fig. 13 is a wiring diagram of the electrical operating circuit. I

The device illustrated comprises a frame cansisting of a b dy portion 20, supported by a base 1 within the roasting chamber. and the grinding mechanism also actuated by said motor. The base coil'ee beans closest to the center of the oven will be brought to a position where they will fall first to the bottom of the oven so that at the next stroke they will be right against the wall of the oven, so that while the agitator continues to revolve all the beans will successively come to cocupy different positions within the oven and will thus be exposed to heat in a uniform manner.

The agitator is driven by an electric motor 43 housed within chamber 24, through pinion 44 mounted on the shaft of said motor, a gear wheel 43 mounted on the shaft 40 of the agitator and v a reduction gearing, generally designated by nuportion of the device is open at the rear. as shown roasting oven 26, which is in the form of a sta-- tionary cylindrical shell having an opening 21 at the top and another opening 28 at the bottom, said opening 23 being controlled by. a normally open door 29 carried by a shaft 30, said door being shown in Fig. 11 in its normal position. v 7

When said door is'released from its closed posi tion in a manner which will be 'later described,

' the weight of the coffee in the oven wil1 force said door open and the coffee will be discharged into the cooling chamber 3|, I

At the top the device is provided with a charging hopper 32, extending within chamber 23, said hopper being provided with a removable cover 33 and a bottom trapdoor consisting of two halves 34, 35, carried by shafts 36, 31, respectively, run-- ning in a front to rear direction.

Said trapdoor is normally held in a closed position, as shown in Fig. 11, in a manner which will be later described, and the cover 33 is preferably provided with a pad 38 of felt or other porous material, allowing the escape of steam from the hopper. The two parts 34, 35 of the trapdoor are preferably perforated to allow some heat to reach the inside of the hopper in order to dry the green coffee beans therein contained before they are discharged in the roasting oven through opening 21.

the roasting oven, and a number of circumfer-'- As will be understood, the rotatory movement of the agitator will cause its blades to engage and push the coffee beans along the bottom and side of the oven until they are brought to an angle where they will fall back by gravity to the bottom of the oven. During this process the mere] 43, interposed therebetweefi. Said reduction gearing includes a; conicalgear wheel 41 carried by the grinder shaft 43 and a gearwheel 49 also mounted on said shaft 48, said gearwheel 49 constituting the last element of the train of gearings so far as the grinder shaft itself is concerned. h

It is to be understood that the device is designed for the treatment of a predetermined quantity of coffee at each operation, the amount of heat supplied to the oven during the operation and the duration of the operation being regulated accordingly.

In its main phases the operation of the device takes place by steps in the following sequence:

Cover 33 is removed from the hopper 32 and a quantity of green coffee beans, sufllcient to fill said hopper, is poured therein.. At this time the trapdoor 34, 35 of the hopper is, of course, inits closed position and so is door 29 at the bottom to lose their moisture, which is discharged I through porous pad 38, so that the beans will eventually reach the oven in a uniformly dry condition. At the same time the oven itself is also preheated to a predetermined temperature that, in practice, we have found to be satisfac-- tory at about 200 F.

When the proper temperature has been reached a thermostatically controlled device will release the trapdoor 34, 35 and the weight of the coffee beans within the hopper will force the two halves of the trapdoor open so that they will form a sort of funnel discharging the coffee beans'into the oven through opening 21. A short time thereafter thetrapdoor 34, 35 is once more closed while the coffee beans, are being agitated within the oven and while the temperature continues to increase for a given period of time, at the end of which the circuit of the heating elements is automatically interrupted.

The duration of this. time period can be set in advance according to the kind of roast desired. For instance, if a light roast is to be produced, the time during which the heating elements are energized will be shorter than if a so-called French roast has to be produced.

However, the termination of the period during which current is supplied to the heating elements does not determine the termination of the roasting period. The roasting operation will continue for a certain time after the circuit of the heating elements has been interrupted, the deenergization of the circuit of said heating elements after a longer or shorter period merely determining the maximum limit that the temperature in the oven is allowed to reach while the'roasting operation proceeds, the duration of the roasting operation proper being always the same irrespective of the kind of roast to be produced. In other words, the temperature is allowed to reach a certain value according to the kind of roast to be proall cases is such as will insure thorough and uniform treatment and complete heat penetration for all the beans of which the charge is composed.

At the termination of the roasting period the door 29 at the bottom of the roasting oven will be automatically released and will be forced to open by the weight of the coffee beans in the oven, said beans falling into the cooling chamber where they are exposed to a current of cool air impelled through the walls of the cooling chamber by a fan 50 mounted on a shaft of the motor 43.

The cooling operation will cause the cofiee beans to reabsorb the aromatic oils exuded from their surface during the roasting operation, while their pores are open, thus preserving the lull flavor and quality of the coffee.

From the cooling chamber the coilee beans can be discharged into a receptacle for later use or they can be discharged directly into the grinder for grinding and immediate use.

While, after the coffee beans have been discharged from the roasting oven, a new charge can be made ready in the hopper, means are provided for preventing the device from functioning until the time when the temperature in the oven has decreased to a point where the thermostatically controlled device governing the discharge of the coilee beans into the roasting oven are no longer responsive to such temperature. This is done in order to preventthe possibility of the roasting operation being started at a temperature higher than the normal starting operation,

.duced and the duration of the roasting period in 59 (see Fig. 6), provided with a bifurcated switch arm ill. Said arm also carries an extension 8|; at the end of which is resiliently mounted knob 53 which can be depressed inwardly against the action of a spring (not shown) tending to urge said knob outwardly in engagement with any one of the indentations 56 of slot 55.

0h said stud 51 is also rotatably mounted a cam-shaped disk 62, having a segmental portion 63 that, in the position of rest oi. said cam shown a in Fig. 6, extends in a counterclockwise direction from a pin 64 irontwardly extending from a rack 65, said pin 64 resting upon. the right end of said segmental portion 63. In this position, therefore, the rack 65 is'restricted against descending movement from its normal position shown, by said cam.

The cam disk 62 is connected to the actuator by means of a pin 66 (see Fig. 12) passing through a segmental slot 51 provided in the front wall 5| so that a turnin movement of the actuator will Fig. 9) and urged in its engaging position by a spring ll.

The segmental portion -12 'of the cam immediately at the right oi. segmental portion 63 is of a smaller radius than said portion and is connected therewith by a radially directed. shoulder portion 13. The cam is provided with. a frontwardly extending pin 14 which will engage one because this would mean that the maximum temperature at the time when the heating elements are deenergized will also be correspondingly higher than that required by the type of roast for which the device has been set, and in extreme cases might even be excessive to the point of totally ruining the coffee to be treated.

We will now proceed to describe in detail the various elements and mechanisms controlling the operation of the device.

The controlling devices, with the exception of the starting handle and the knob of the setting lever, which are located externallyof the front wall 5| of chamber 22, are located within said chamber. I

Fig. 1 shows the starting handle or actuator 52 in its normal position of rest, ready to be set to its other extreme position symmetrical thereto with respect to the central vertical plane passing through the axis of rotation of said actuator, by turning said actuator in a clockwise direction about 90 from the position shown. Said Fig. 1 also shows the knob. 53 having an indicating hand 54 by means of which the device can be set for different degrees of roasting according to the position at which said hand 54 is set with respect to a segmental slot 55 having circumferentially spaced indentations 56 adapted to be engaged by said knob 53.

The starting handle or actuator is rotatably gular position by setting knob 53 at any one of the positions shown along slot 55.

After the switch 59 ha been thus set, themain switch, shown at 15 inthe diagram of Fig. 13, is closed, thus energizing the main circuit l6, 11, in which is inserted motor 43. The actuator is then moved in a clockwise direction to its other extreme position, the extent of its movement being determined by the angular extension of slot 61.. During said movmentpin 14 of the cam.

will engage the bifurcated arm of switch arm 68 and the switch 59 will close .the circuit of the heating elements shown at 18, 19 in Figs. 11 and 13 within chamber 23. g

A segmental portion 80 of the cam is in the 55 form of a toothed segment engaging a toothed mounted on a stud 51 which is fixed to the front .wall 5|, said stud 51 being shown coaxial with wheel 8|, forming part of an escapement mechanism, generally designated by numeral 82 in Fi 10.

Said escapement mechanism is normally held under a certain tension by a spiral spring 83 and will be set under a higher tension by the clockwise movement of the cam. The cam is provided witha dog 84, pivotally mounted at 85, said dog constituting a yielding projection from the periphery of portion 12 oi the cam, adapted to enin a clockwis direction to its operative position.

gage ledge 88 of a bracket 81 when the cam is moved to the position shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9.

, The b1 acket 81 is pivotally mounted at 88 and is normally held in'the position shown, where its rear edge abuts against stop pin 89, by the action- 5 of a spring 98. Said bracket also carries a dog 9|, pivotally' mounted at 92, said dog being normally held in the position shown in Fig. 6 by a spring 93 and being adapted to move in a clockwise direction against the action of said spring but bein restrained from moving ,in the oppo site direction due to the fact that said dog abuts against the upper end of a link 94, pivotally suspended at 95, from bracket 81,

Said link extends downwardly from pivot 95, passing through a guide 96, and its lower end is formed at the left side with a notch 91 and at the right side with another notch 98. Notch 91 is adapted to be engaged by the arm 99'constituting the armature of an electromagnet I88- when said link 94 is moved downwardly from its normal position shown in Fig. 6 to the position shown in Fig, 7 by the action of bracket 81, which is caused to turn in a counterclockwise direction when engaged by dog 84 during the early part of the clockwise-movement of the-cam, when link 94 is thus engaged by armature 99,. which is urged in its engaging position by the actionof spring I8I.

During the counterclockwise movement of bracket 81 dog -9I will eventually strike against pawl 69 but since said dog 9| can yield against 1 the action of spring 93 it will eventually pass beyond said pawl to the position shown in Fig. 9 without aiiecting the status of said pawl When link 84 occupies its normal upward po-' sition shown in Fig. 6, a pin I82, carried by the lower end of said link, holds in the offposition a spring terminal I83 forming part of a. switch I84, inserted in the circuit of electromagnet I88; As soon as link 94 starts to descend spring terminal I83 will move to the on position to close the circuit I85, I86, of electromagnet I88. However, said circuit is normally interrupted by a thermostatic device I81, located in chamber 23, said thermostatic device becoming operative to close the circuit only when the temperature within chamber 23 reaches a predetermined point.

When link 94 is thus moved to and locked in th position shown in Fig. '1, a lug I 88, carried by'said link, will press against arm I 89 of an escapement anchor -II8, pivotally mounted at III, against the action of a spring II2, holding one of the teeth of said escapement anchor in permanent engagement with the teeth of star wheel II3 of the escapement mechanism (see Fig. 10). Said escapement mechanism will, therefore, be prevented from operating to return the cam to its-original position until such time when the return upward movement of the'link 94 will cause lug I88 to release the escapement anchor. It is to be understood that toothed wheel 8| will operate the other elements of the escapement mechanism through the action of a unidirectionally operative clutch (not shown). Said 'clutch makes it possible for said wheel 8| to rotate independently of the other elements of the escapement mechanism when the cam is moved The upward return movement of link 94 to its normal position will tak place only when said link has been released by armature 99, that is, when the temperature within chamber 23 having reached the point at which the thermostatic urged in its return movement by the action of spring 98. As soon as link 94 has reached its normal position the circuit of the electromagnet will once more be interrupted by pin I82 pressing against spring terminal I83.

The return movement of link 94 will cause two other operations totake place; namely, by the action of dog 9| pressing against the arm of pawl 89 it will cause said pawl to tum'in a counterclockwise direction, releasing rack 85, and by the action of lug I88 releasing anzhor member II8 it will enable the escapement, mechanism 82 to operate to return the cam 82 to its original position by a slow movement, the duration of which will be regulated by the'speed of the intermittent motion of the star wheel, in a well known manner. The duration of the return movement of the cam substantially corresponds to th duration of the roasting period which starts as soon as rack is released from pawl 69, and stops I as the cam is about to reach the end of its return movement.

As previously stated, rack 85 is mounted so as to be free to deszendvfrom its normal position shown-in Fig. 6 to the position shown in Fig. 8 when released by pawl 89. The vertical movement of. said' rack is limited by the stem of a screw II4 projecting through vertical slot II5 provided in the rack. The rack is formed with two toothed lateral edges H6, H1, meshing with pinions H8, H9, respectively, said pinions-being mounted on shafts '38, 31 which, as stated, carry the two halves 34, 35 of the trapdoor.

The upward position of the rack shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 9 corresponds to the closed position of the, trapdoor shown in Fig. 11. As stated, said trapdoor will open by gravity, but will be returned to its closed position shortly after cam 62 has started its return movement, when pin 64 will be forced upwardly by segmental portion 63 of the cam and the rack will cause pinio-ns I I8, H9 to turn in the trapdoor closing direction.

From the foregoing it will, therefore, be seen that when the cam is set to the position shown in Fig. 7, the electric heating elements are energized, the link 94 ismoved to its lowermost position, and is held in said position, preventing return movement of the cam, until such time as the temperature within chamber 23, and consequently within the oven, reaches the point at which the circuit of the electromagnet will be energized by the thermostatic device and link 94 will be released for its return movement. It will also be seen that as soon as the returnmovement of link 94 takes place cam 82 will start on its return movement and rack 85 will be released from pawl 69 so that the coffee beans contained in hopper 32 will fall into the roasting oven through opening 21;

At this time, door 29 will occupy its closing position, having been set in said position by cam 62 when said cam has reached the end of its movement to the position shown in Fig. 7. The movement of door 29 to its closing position is efiected by the pin I28 carried by cam 62, said pin bearing against arm I2I of a crank lever I22, fixed on shaft 38, and causing said crank lever to rotate said shaft 38 to the closed door position;

When such closed door position has been reached the tip end of the other armI23 of crank lever I22, will be engaged and locked in position by a notch I24 provided in a lever I 25, pivot aliy mounted at "I20, and normally urged in its eng ing position by a spring I21.

Said lever I25 has a hook shaped outer end I20, adapted to engage pin I20 at the end of the return movement oi the cam, thus limiting said return movement. Immediately before the cam will bear against a lug or projection I20 provided in lever I25 and will force said lever outwardly I so as to cause its notch I24 to release arm I20 oi the crank lever. When thishappens the weight reaches the end of its return movement, pin I20 oi the coffee beans in,the oven will i'orce door open and the beans will fall into cooling 10 Chamber I40 is also provided at one side with an opening I40 controlled by a normally closed door I40, pivotally mounted at I50 (see Figs. 1 and 5). Bald opening I40 is provided for the purpose of pouring the roasted beans into chamber I40, preparatory to. grinding them. when said beans have been removed from the device through door I in the bottom of the cooling chamber.

As previously stated, after thedevice has been used in roasting one batch" of coilee, the heat chamber 23 should be allowed to cool below the temperature to which the thermostatic device is responsive, in order to prevent overheating or burning the next batch.

As we have explained, when the heating elements are deenergized by switch 50 being thrown to the oil. osition, the temperature within chamber 23 continues to remain higher than that causing the thermostatic device --I0I to become operative, so that although the circuit of electromagnet I00 will have been interrupted at switch I04, it will not be interrupted bythe thermostatic device, and will not be interrupted by said device of the cam, when the roasted coiiee beans will be caused to fall intothe cooling chamber, as explained. The cooling chamber has a rear wall I30, provided with a normally closed door III and a rearwardly inclined bottom wall I42 provided with a normally closed door I33, said doors being located at the lowermost end of the walls respectively served thereby. Door III is carried by a shaft I04 and'door I33 is carried by a shaft I35,

said shafts being manually operable by means of knob I36 and handle I", respectively (see Fig.1). Rear wall I00 and bottom wall I32 of the cooling chamber are periorated by narrow slots, such as shown at I30 in Fig. 11, said slots preventing the cofieebeans from i'alling irom the cooling chamber, while at the same time allowing air impelled by Ian 50 to enter the cooling chamber through the slots'in wall I30 and gradually cool the roasted cofiee beans, said air being discharged through the slots in bottom wall I". After cooling, the beans can either be discharged from the cooling chamber by tilting door Ia'to its open position where the beans are caused to iall'into a funnel I39 and thence into a receptable which may be placed under the tunnel, or else, the coffee beans can be discharged by opening door III, in which case they will fall by gravity into the receiving chamber I40 01' the grinding device mounted at the lower end of chamber 24, said grinding device being generally designated by numeral I 4!.

The grinding device proper consists of a male grinding disk I42, carried by the lower end of shaft 48, and a female grinding ring I43 surrounding said male grinding disk. The female grinding ring is mounted so as to be adjustable veras long as the temperature in chamber 23 remains above the set limit. Consequently, it while this condition persists an attempt is made to turn the actuator and with it cam 02 to the position shown in Fig. 7, as soon as the movement is started dog 84 bearing against ledge 06 of bracket 81 will cause link 84 to move downwardly, instantly releasing spring terminal I 03 of switch I04, thus causing said switch I04 to complete the circuit of electromagnet I00.

The electromagne will in its turn instantly attract its armature 00 and with it a pawl I5I, connected to said armature by a spring I52. Said pawl will thus be moved directly in the path of the shoulder formed by notch 98 in link 04 and will positively prevent further downward movement 01' said link, this effectively locking the entire mechanism against operation until the circuit of the electromagnet will be interrupted by the thermostatic device.

The heat chamber 20 is preierably insulated byv means or an insulating lining applied against its walls, in order to prevent heat radiation and thus insure a good operating efliciency.

For the sake oi. clarity, the electrical connections between the various elements inserted in ber 22 from chamber 23 for the passage of the wires to the thermostaticdevice and heating elements within chamber 23 and back from the tically with respect to the male grinding disk, in

a peripheral groove in female grinding ring I 43,

as shown in Fig, 2, said groove comprising several horizontally extending axially spaced segmental sections connected in'sequenee to one another,

I as will be tmderstood.

ings should, therefore. be understood as being intended for illustrative purposes only and not in a limiting sense.

We, accordingly, reserve the right to carry our invention into practice in all those ways and manners which may enter fairly into the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. Inapparatus of the character described the combination, with aroasting chamber, u means for supplying heat to said chamber, means for admitting a-charge of coilee beans to said cham- 1 ber, means for locking said charge admitting means against discharge, means for releasing said.

, of release of said locking means, when the roasting operation is still incomplete, to prevent the i a 12 g ing chamber therefor enclosedwithin said casing.

- electric heating means within said casing,- thertemperature in said chamber from rising beyond a predetermined value, and means for thereafter automatically discharging said beans from said chamber at the end of an additional predetermined time period.

2. In apparatus of the character described the combination, with a roasting chamber, of means for supplying heat to said chamber, means for admitting a charge of coffee beans to said chamber, means for locking said charge admitting means against discharge, means for releasing said locking means when a given temperature has been reached within said chamber, adjustable means adapted to set at different control positions for thereafter automatically deenergizing 7 said heat supplying means after a predetermined time period from the time of release-of said look ing means, when the roasting operation is'still incomplete, to preventthe temperature in said chamber from rising beyond a value dependent upon the setting of said adjustable means, and means thereafter for automatically discharging said beans from said chamber at the end of an 1 additional predetermined time period.

3. In apparatus of the character described th combination, with a roasting chamber, of ,a charging-chamber therefor, means for supplying heat to said chambers, means for discharging cofl'ee beans contained in said charging chamber into' means for automatically discharging said beans from said roasting chamber into said cooling, chamber, at the end of an additional predetermined time period.

4. Apparatus of the character described comprising a casing, a roasting chamber and a. charging chamber therefor enclosed within said casing, electric heating means within said casing,

thermostatically controlled means for dischargmostatically controlled means for discharging coffee beans contained in said charging chamber into said roasting chamber, when a given temperature has been reached within said casing, means for thereafter deenergizing said heating means to prevent the temperature in said roasting chamber from rising beyond a predetermined value, a cooling chamber, means for automatically discharging said beans from said roasting chamber into said cooling chamber, at the end of a predetermined time period subsequent to the operation of said thermostatically controlled means, and a timing device controlling the operation of said deenergizing means and roastingchamber discharging means.

6. Apparatus of character described comprising a stationary roasting chamber, means for supplying heat to said chamber, an agitator within said chamber, means automatically rendering said heat supplying means inoperative at the end of a predetermined time period from the time a charge has been admitted to said cham= bar, when the roasting operation is still incomplete, to prevent the temperature within said chamber from'rislng-beyond a predetermined value, and means for thereafter automatically discharging the contents of said chamber at the end of an additional predetermined time period.

'7. Apparatus of the character described, com-.- prising a stationary roasting chamber, a charging chamber therefor, an agitator within saidroasting chamber, means for supplying heat to said chambers, means for discharging coflee beans contained in said charging chamber into said roasting chamber, means for locking said discharging means against discharge, means for automatically releasing said locking means when a given temperature has been reached within said roasting chamber, means for thereafter deenergizing said heat supplying means after a predetermined time perlod from the time or release of said locking means, when the roasting opera-' tion is still incomplete, to prevent the temperature in said roasting chamber from rising beyond a predetermined value, a cooling chamber,

and means for automatically discharging said ing coifee beans contained in said charging chamher into said roasting chamber, nieans for-locking said discharging means against discharge, means for automatically releasing said locking means beans from said roasting chamber into said cooling chamber, at the end of an additional predetermined time period.

5. Apparatus of the character described com prising a casing, a roasting chamber and a chargbeans from said roasting chamber into said cooling chamber, at the end of anadditional predetermined time period. 7 I

8. Apparatus of the character described, comprising a stationary roasting chamber, a charging chamber therefor, an agitator within said roasting chamber, means for supplying heat to said deenergizing said heat supplying means' after 'a' predetermined time period from the time of release of said locking means, when the roasting operationis still incomplete, to Prevent the temperature in said roasting chamber from rising beyond a predetermined value, a cooling chamber, means for automatically discharging said beans from said roasting chamber into said cooling chamber, at the end of an additional predetermined time period, and means for supplying a current of cooling air to said cooling chamber.

. 9. Apparatus of the character described comprising a masting chamber having a discharge 13 outlet, a charging chamber therefor, a normally closed trapdoor for said charging chamber, electric heating means for supplying heat to said chambers, a switch controlling said heating means, a door controlling said discharge outlet, a cooling chamber underneath said roasting of said switch and doors, rendering said switch operative to energize said heating means when said actuator is moved from an inoperative to an operative position and rendering said switch inoperative during its return movement, means normally locking said trapdoor in its closed position, means locking said actuator against return movement when said actuator reaches its operativeposition, means locking said discharge outlet controlling door in its closed position when said actuator reaches its operative position, means for releasing said trapdoor locking means and said 'chamber, an actuator controlling the operation operative position, means to return said actuator to its inoperative position at a predetermined rate of speed, a switch controlling said heating means, adapted to be set in its operative position by said actuator to energize said heating means when said actuator. is moved to its operative position, and to be reset in its inoperative position by said actuator when said actuator is returning to its inoperative position, means locking said actuator in its operative position, and thermostatically controlled means releasing said locking .means when the temperature in said chamber reaches a predetermined value.

11. In apparatus of the character described, a

roasting chamber, electric heating means supplying heat to said chamber, an actuator movable from a normal inoperative position to an operative position, means to return said actuator to its inoperative position at a predetermined rate of speed, a switch controlling said heating means, adapted to be set in'its operative posi-. tion by sa d'actuator to energize said heating means when said actuator is moved to its operative position, and to be reset in its inoperative 14 operative to energize said heating means when said actuator is moved from an inoperative to an operativ position and rendering said switch inoperative during its return movement, means normally locking said trapdoor in its 'closed'position, means locking said actuator against return movement when said actuator reaches its operative'position, means locking said discharge outlet controlling door in its closed position when said actuator reaches its operative position, means for releasing said trapdoor locking means and said actuator locking means, an electromagnet controlling the operation of saidreleasing means, a thermostatic device controlling the circuit of said electromagnet, means controlled by said actuator, releasingsaid discharge outlet controlling door, at the end of the return movement of said actuator, means returningsaid actuator to its inoperative position at a predetermined rate of speed, and means for setting said, switch at different positions along the path of movement of said actuator.

13. In apparatus of the character described the combination,- with a roasting chamber and 'a charging chamber therefor, of a door controlling the discharge of coffee beans from the latter into the former, lectric heating means adapted to supply heat to said roasting chamber, a circuit for said heating means, an actuator movable from a normally inoperative to an operative position, controlling said circuit, means normally locking said door in its closed position, means locking said actuator against return movement, when said actuator is moved to and reaches its operative position, a secondary circuit, a thermostatic device responsive to a predetermined temperature due to the heat generated by said heating means, inserted in said secondary circu t, and an electromagnet also inserted in said outlet, a charging chamber therefor, a normally closed trapdoor for said charging chamber, electric heating means for supplying heat to said chambers, a switch controlling said heating means, a door controlling said discharge outlet,

"a cooling chamber underneath said roasting chamber, an actuator controlling the operation of said switch and doors, rendering said switch operative position.

secondary circuit, said electromagnet being adapted, when energized, to release said door and actuator locking means.

14. In apparatus of the character-described, a roasting chamber having a discharge outlet, means for discharging coffee beans into said chamber, means for supplying heat to said chamber, a door controlling said outlet, an actuator movable from a normally inoperative to an operativ position, controlling said discharging and heat supplying means and said door, an escapement mechanism operatively associated with said actuator, urging said actuator in its retuin movement to its inoperative position, means locking said escapement mechanism against operation when said actuator is in position to start its return movement, and thermostatically controlled electromagnetic means to release said locking means when the temperature in said chamber reaches a predetermined value,

15. In apparatus of the character described the combination, with a roasting chamber, means to supply heat to said chamber, and an actuator controlling the operation of said heat supplying means, of thermostatically controlled means 'preventing operation of said actuator when the temperature in said chamber is abovea predetermined value, while said actuator is in its in- 16. In apparatus of the character described the combination, with a roasting chamber, means to supply heat to said chamber, and an actuator controlling the operation of said heat supplying means, said actuator being movable from a nor-. mally inoperative to an operative position, of a thermostatic devic responsive to'heat supplied 17. In apparatus-of the character described, a

roasting chamber, electric heating means to sup-- ply heat to said chamber, a circuit therefor, an actuator movable from a normally inoperative to an operative position, a switch controlling said circuit having its actuating lever in the path of said actuator, whereby said switch will be set in the on position by said actuator whensaid actuator is moving from its inoperative to its operative position and in the oil position during the return movement'of said actuator, manually operable means to move said actuator from its inoperative to'its operative position, and a spring actuated timing device to effect the return move,

mentor said actuator.

18. In "apparatusof'the character described, a

16 ing the return movement of said disk, means locking said disk against return movement when said disk reaches its operative position, said locking means, when released, being adapted to release said door lockin means, an electromagnet adapted, when energized, to release said disk locking means, a circuit for said electromagnet, and a thermostatic device, inserted in said circuit, energizing said electromagnet when the temperature in said chamber reaches a predetermined value.

21. Apparatus of the character described, comprising'a roasting chamber having a discharge outlet, a coolin 'chamber under said outlet, a door controlling said outlet, meansfor locking said door in its closed position, a charging chamher having a discharge outlet leading to said roasting chamber, a trap door controlling the latter discharge 'outlet, means normally-locking said trapdoorin its closed position, a rotatably mounted cam-shaped disk movable from 'a normally inoperative position to an operative posi-- tion, said disk being adapted to reset said trapdoor from its open to its closed position during the return movement of said disk, electric heating means for supply heat to said chamber, a

roasting chamber, electric heating means to supply heatto said chamber, a circuit therefor, a

rotatably mounted actuator movable from a normally inoperative-to an operative position, an

arm wingable-aboutthe axis of said actuator,

a switch controlling said circuit carried by said arm, said switchhaving its actuating lever in the path of, saidactuator, whereby said switch will be set in the ,on position by said actuator when said actuator is moving from it inoperative to its operative'po'sition and in the off position during the "return movement of said actuator,

manually operable means to move said actuator from itsfinope'rative to its operative position, a spring actuated timing device to efiect the return movement. or said actuator, and means for setting saidarm at different angular positions with respect to said axis.

19. In apparatus'of the character described, a"

roasting chamber having a discharge outlet, a cooling chamber under said outlet, a door controlling said outlet, mean for locking said door in its closed position, means to supply heat to said chamber, a manually operable actuator movable from a normally inoperative to an operative position, controlling said heat supplying means, means for manually operatin said actuator, a timing device efiecting the return movement of said actuator during a predetermined period of time, and means releasing said locking means at v the end of the'return movement of said actuator.

20. Apparatus of the character described, comprisin a roasting chamber, a' charging chamber therefor having a discharge outlet leadingto said 1 roasting chamber, a, trap-door controlling said outlet, means normally locking said door in its closed position, a rotatably mounted cam-shaped disk movable from a normally inoperative position to an operative position, said disk being adapted to reset said door from its open to its closed position during the return movement of said disk, electric heating means for supplying heat to said chamber, a switch controlled by said disk, energizing said heatin means during the movement of saiddisk from its inoperative position, and deenergizing said heating means durswitch controlled by said disk, energizing said heating; means during the movement of said disk from its inoperative position, and deenergizing said heatin means during the return movement of said disk, means locking said disk against return movement when said disk reaches its operative position, the latter locking means, when released, being adapted to release said trapdoor locking means, an electromagnet adapted, when energized, to releasesaid disk locking means, a circuit for said electromagnet, a thermostatic device, inserted in said circuit; energizin said 'electromagnet when the temperature in said chamber reaches a predetermined value, means effecting the return movement of said disk during a predetermined period of time, and meansreleasing said first mentioned locking means at;

the end of the return movement of said disk.

' RICHARD F; OTOOLE. ALEXANDER C. PARLINI.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,943,211 Dent Jan.. 9, 1934 509,298 Cardozo Nov. 21, 1893 1,991,564 McLain et al Feb. 19, 1935. 2,062,109 Rogers Nov. 24, 1936 2,141,586 Woolsey et a1. Dec. 27, 1938 2,069,193. Behr et a1. Jan. 26, 1937 1,970,499v Dent Aug. 14, 1934 2,010,582 Burns et al. I Aug. 6, 1935 2,109,597 Richeson Mar. 1, 1938 2,188,969 Waldvogel Feb. 6, 1940 2,185,878 Adams et al. Jan. 2, 1940 1,896,230 Farago Feb. 7, 1933 836,341 Fost Nov. 20, 1906 1,437,005 Newsom Nov. 28, 1922 2,203,422 Strobridge' Jan. 4, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS v Number Country Date England Dec. 20, 1937 

